Loxapine add-on for adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders and irritability

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
Jessica A HellingsJoan C Han

Abstract

Our clinical experience with low dose loxapine (5-15 mg/day) suggests promising efficacy and safety for irritability in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We studied low dose loxapine prospectively in adolescents and adults with ASD and irritability. Additionally, we measured loxapine and metabolite concentrations, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a biomarker of neuromodulation. We performed a 12 week open trial of add-on loxapine in subjects, ages 13-65 years, diagnosed with ASD, and Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Irritability (ABC-I) subscale scores >14. Loxapine was dosed flexibly up to 15 mg daily, starting with 5 mg on alternate days. From weeks 1 to 6, other psychoactive medications were tapered if possible; from weeks 6 to 12, all medication doses were held stable. The primary outcome was the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement subscale (CGI-I), ratings of Much Improved or Very Much Improved. Secondary outcomes were the ABC-I, Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, and Schalock Quality of Life scale. Serum BDNF and loxapine and metabolite concentrations were assayed. BDNF rs6265 was genotyped. Sixteen subjects were enrolled; 12 completed all visits. Median age was 18 years (range 13-39). Median final loxapine d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 22, 2015·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Seema JainJessica A Hellings
Oct 21, 2015·Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology·Jessica A HellingsAnn Genovese
Aug 23, 2019·Medicinal Research Reviews·Catherine H Schein
Jun 6, 2018·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Nermin EissaBassem Sadek
Apr 16, 2021·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Antonio M PersicoCelso Arango

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
Genotyping
Assay

Software Mentioned

Dyskinesia Identification User System ( DISCUS )
SPSS

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