Luminal A Breast Cancer and Molecular Assays: A Review

The Oncologist
Jennifer J Gao, Sandra M Swain

Abstract

Chemotherapy has been the historical mainstay of treatment for patients with breast cancer, with immunohistochemical markers and tumor characteristics driving treatment decisions. The discovery of different intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer has advanced the understanding of breast cancer, with gene-based assays shedding further light on tumor behavior and response to treatment. This review focuses on the landscape of the luminal A subtype, its definition based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gene assays, the prognostic and predictive value of these assays, guideline recommendations, and treatment implications. Clinical studies of the prognostic value of gene-based and IHC-based assays in patients with luminal A-subtype breast cancers suggest a better prognosis for these patients compared with those with breast cancers of other subtypes. In today's era of precision medicine, the best treatment regimen for patients with luminal A-subtype tumors is still undetermined, but available data raise the question whether chemotherapy can be omitted and endocrine therapy alone is sufficient for this patient population. Immunohistochemical markers have traditionally guided treatment decisions in breast cancer. However, advances in gene-...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 12, 2019·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Zhen WangXiaofeng Dai
Jun 20, 2019·Frontiers in Oncology·Nawale HajjajiJacques Bonneterre
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