Lung cancer early detection and health disparities: the intersection of epigenetics and ethnicity

Journal of Thoracic Disease
Lane LernerAlicia Hulbert

Abstract

Lung cancer is the most prominent cause of cancer-related mortality. Significant disparities in incidence and outcome characterize the disease's manifestations among ethnically and racially diverse populations. Complete surgical resection is the most effective curative treatment. However, success relies on early tumor detection. The National Lung Cancer Screening trial showed that lung cancer related mortality can be reduced by the use of low-dose CT (LDCT) screening. However, this test is plagued by a high false positive rate of 97% and the device itself is limited to designated cancer centers due to its expense and size. This restriction makes it difficult for underserved groups to access LDCT screening, the current standard of care. Highly sensitive and specific epigenetic DNA methylation-based biomarkers have the potential to work independently or in conjunction with LDCT screening to identify early-stage tumors. These tests could reduce unnecessary invasive confirmatory diagnostic tests and their associated morbidity and mortality. These tests also have the opportunity to bring lung cancer screening to the community thereby reducing unequal accessibility. However, epigenetic alterations are closely linked to the interplay ...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 2, 2018·Expert Review of Proteomics·Wenjing PengYehia Mechref
Apr 8, 2020·Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers·Guang-Qing DuanWei Tan
Nov 13, 2019·Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities·Madelyn KlugmanH Dean Hosgood
Mar 28, 2019·Frontiers in Oncology·Karriem Sadot WatsonRobert A Winn
Jul 17, 2021·Annals of Surgical Oncology·Wasay NizamFabian M Johnston

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