Lyme disease: laboratory diagnosis of infected and vaccinated symptomatic dogs

Seminars in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery (small Animal)
R H JacobsonS Shin

Abstract

Serological assays for detection of canine antibodies to the Lyme agent generally have been difficult to validate because an acceptable standard of comparison such as unequivocal proof of infection status has not been available. For practical and logistical reasons, it has not been possible to use culture of organism from infected animals, seroconversion in a large number of field dogs, or clinical criteria as the standard of comparison for validation of assays. Therefore, estimates of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity based on an appropriate gold standard have not been available. When it was discovered how to infect laboratory dogs via ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi, it was possible to define the kinetics and magnitude of the antibody response that might be expected in nature. ELISA and Western immunoblot data from experimental dogs were then compared and correlated with results of the same tests on dogs from endemic and nonendomic areas. Coupled with studies on cross-reactive antibodies elicited from other infectious agents or autoimmune phenomena, it was possible to account for interfering antibodies and to establish estimates of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for the ELISA based on objective criteria....Continue Reading

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Citations

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