Lymphoid enhancer factor 1 directs hair follicle patterning and epithelial cell fate.

Genes & Development
P ZhouElaine Fuchs

Abstract

T cell-specific transcription factor (TCF-1) and lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF-1) have been implicated exclusively in the regulation of T cell-specific genes. The only adult tissue other than thymus known to express these factors is spleen and lymph node, which contain low levels of LEF-1 and no TCF-1. We noticed that genes involved in hair-specific gene expression possess LEF-1/TCF-1 consensus motifs located in similar positions relative to their TATA box. We show that of the two factors only LEF-1 is expressed in hair follicles; it can be cloned in both splice forms from human skin keratinocytes and it can bind to these sites in the hair promoters. We show that LEF-1 mRNA is present in pluripotent ectoderm, and it is up-regulated in a highly restricted pattern just before the formation of underlying mesenchymal condensates and commitment of overlying ectodermal cells to invaginate and become hair follicles. New waves of ectodermal LEF-1 spots appear concomitant with new waves of follicle morphogenesis. To test whether LEF-1 patterning might be functionally important for hair patterning and morphogenesis, we used transgenic technology to alter the patterning and timing of LEF-1 over the surface ectoderm. Striking abnormaliti...Continue Reading

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