Lysine catabolism, an effective versatile regulator of lysine level in plants

Amino Acids
A StepanskyG Galili

Abstract

Lysine is a nutritionally important essential amino acid, whose synthesis in plants is strongly regulated by the rate of its synthesis. Yet, lysine level in plants is also finely controlled by a super-regulated catabolic pathway that catabolizes lysine into glutamate and acetyl Co-A. The first two enzymes of lysine catabolism are synthesized from a single LKR/SDH gene. Expression of this gene is subject to compound developmental, hormonal and stress-associated regulation. Moreover, the LKR/SDH gene of different plant species encodes up to three distinct polypeptides: (i) a bifunctional enzyme containing the linked lysine-ketoglutarate (LKR) and saccharopine dehydrogenase (SDH) whose LKR activity is regulated by its linked SDH enzyme; (ii) a monofunctional SDH encoded by an internal promoter, which is a part of the coding DNA region of the LKR/SDH gene; and (iii) a monofunctional, highly potent LKR that is formed by polyadenylation within an intron. LKR activity in the bifunctional LKR/SDH polypeptide is also post-translationally regulated by phosphorylation by casein kinase-2 (CK2), but the consequence of this regulation is still unknown. Why is lysine metabolism super-regulated by synthesis and catabolism? A hypothesis address...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 8, 2008·Plant Molecular Biology·Allan R ReyesThomas M Malvar
Mar 18, 2009·Plant Molecular Biology·Jacinta GimenoRamón Serrano
Nov 7, 2013·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Daniela PacificoMassimiliano Valentini
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Jul 27, 2018·New Biotechnology·Kateřina PodlešákováNuria De Diego

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