Abstract
In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), activation of endothelin-1 (ET-1)/endothelin A receptor (ETAR) and ET-1/ETBR signaling is linked to many tumor promoting effects, such as proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. Understanding how to hamper the distinct mechanisms that facilitate epithelial plasticity and propagation is therefore central for improving the clinical outcome for EOC patients. The phosphorylation status of Akt and MAPK was evaluated by immunoblotting in A2780 and 2008 EOC cell lines and their cisplatinum-resistant variants. Vasculogenic mimicry was analyzed by vascular tubules formation assay. Tumor growth and metastases inhibition was performed in chemoresistant EOC xenografts. We found that the dual ETAR/ETBR antagonist macitentan was able to inhibit the ET-1-induced activation of Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in chemoresistant EOC cells. Moreover, chemoresistant EOC cells displayed higher capability to engage vasculogenic mimicry compared to sensitive cells that was inhibited after treatment with macitentan. Finally, the specific ETAR antagonist zibotentan was less efficacious compared to macitentan to suppress tumor growth in chemoresistant EOC xenografts and the co-treatment o...Continue Reading
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