Macrophage activation associated with chronic murine cytomegalovirus infection results in more severe experimental choroidal neovascularization.

PLoS Pathogens
Scott W CousinsRichard D Dix

Abstract

The neovascular (wet) form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) leads to vision loss due to choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Since macrophages are important in CNV development, and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific IgG serum titers in patients with wet AMD are elevated, we hypothesized that chronic CMV infection contributes to wet AMD, possibly by pro-angiogenic macrophage activation. This hypothesis was tested using an established mouse model of experimental CNV. At 6 days, 6 weeks, or 12 weeks after infection with murine CMV (MCMV), laser-induced CNV was performed, and CNV severity was determined 4 weeks later by analysis of choroidal flatmounts. Although all MCMV-infected mice exhibited more severe CNV when compared with control mice, the most severe CNV developed in mice with chronic infection, a time when MCMV-specific gene sequences could not be detected within choroidal tissues. Splenic macrophages collected from mice with chronic MCMV infection, however, expressed significantly greater levels of TNF-α, COX-2, MMP-9, and, most significantly, VEGF transcripts by quantitative RT-PCR assay when compared to splenic macrophages from control mice. Direct MCMV infection of monolayers of IC-21 mouse macrophages confirmed si...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 19, 2013·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Peter A Campochiaro
Nov 12, 2017·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·Monika ModrzejewskaAnna Modrzejewska
Mar 27, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Donald J Alcendor
Jan 18, 2019·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Carsten FaberMogens Holst Nissen
Oct 7, 2020·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·Priyatham S MettuScott W Cousins

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ELISA
light microscopy
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

Photoshop
GraphPad Prism

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