Macrophages are necessary for epimorphic regeneration in African spiny mice

ELife
Jennifer SimkinAshley W Seifert

Abstract

How the immune system affects tissue regeneration is not well understood. In this study, we used an emerging mammalian model of epimorphic regeneration, the African spiny mouse, to examine cell-based inflammation and tested the hypothesis that macrophages are necessary for regeneration. By directly comparing inflammatory cell activation in a 4 mm ear injury during regeneration (Acomys cahirinus) and scarring (Mus musculus), we found that both species exhibited an acute inflammatory response, with scarring characterized by stronger myeloperoxidase activity. In contrast, ROS production was stronger and more persistent during regeneration. By depleting macrophages during injury, we demonstrate a functional requirement for these cells to stimulate regeneration. Importantly, the spatial distribution of activated macrophage subtypes was unique during regeneration with pro-inflammatory macrophages failing to infiltrate the regeneration blastema. Together, our results demonstrate an essential role for inflammatory cells to regulate a regenerative response.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence-activated cell sorting
flow cytometry
FACS
biopsy

Software Mentioned

FloJo
Adobe Creative Suite
Metamorph Imaging
ImageJ
Prism
Illustrator

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