Macroscopic background gradient and radiation damping effects on high-field PGSE NMR diffusion measurements

Journal of Magnetic Resonance
W S PriceO Söderman

Abstract

The effects of macroscopic background gradients due to susceptibility differences at the sample interfaces and of radiation damping on pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) experiments are examined. Both phenomena can lead to the seemingly strange effect of the echo signal growing as the gradient strength increases at low applied gradient strengths. For a freely diffusing species, background gradients manifest themselves as slight concave or convex inflections in the linearized PGSE attenuation curve, depending on the polarity of the applied gradient. The various means of overcoming macroscopic background gradient problems, including bipolar gradients, and their efficacy are examined experimentally and discussed. The effects of radiation damping can also result in the attenuation curve being nonlinear but, different from the effect of background gradients, the nonlinearity does not change with the polarity of the applied gradient. The vulnerability of the stimulated echo-based PGSE sequence and variations of Hahn-based PGSE sequences is investigated. Both background gradients and radiation damping have serious implications for accurate diffusion measurement determination.

References

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Citations

Feb 13, 2013·Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy·V V Krishnan, Nagarajan Murali
Jun 14, 2008·Journal of Magnetic Resonance·Nirbhay N YadavWilliam S Price
Mar 28, 2006·Journal of Magnetic Resonance·Haruhisa KatoShinichi Kinugasa
Sep 23, 2016·Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC·Mikhail ZubkovWilliam S Price
Aug 18, 2017·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·F PhilippiR Hempelmann
Aug 30, 2008·Physics in Medicine and Biology·Chris J G BakkerJeroen Hendrikse
Sep 12, 2008·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Pierandrea Lo NostroPiero Baglioni
May 30, 2002·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Juan Carlos RodríguezGiuseppe Melacini
Nov 13, 2004·Chemistry : a European Journal·Mark S KaucherJeffery T Davis
Jan 5, 2019·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. a·Frederik PhilippiRolf Hempelmann
Apr 27, 2004·Inorganic Chemistry·Saadallah RamadanPeter A Lay

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