Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of the alar ligaments in whiplash injuries: a case-control study

Spine
Rigmor MyranJohn-Anker Zwart

Abstract

Case-control study. To use high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing signal intensity areas in the alar ligaments. Conflicting evidence exists whether areas of high signal intensity in the alar ligament on MRI are more frequent in whiplash patients than in noninjured control subjects. A case-control designed study of 173 subjects included one group with persistent whiplash associated disorder Grade I-II after a car accident (n = 59), one with chronic nontraumatic neck pain (n = 57) and one group without neck pain or previous neck trauma (n = 57). High-resolution proton-weighted MRI in 3 planes was used. The images were independently evaluated by two experienced neuroradiologists who were blinded to patient history and group allocation. The alar ligaments were evaluated according to a 4-point grading scale; 0 = low signal intensity throughout the entire cross section area, 1 = high signal intensity in one third or less, 2 = high signal intensity in one-third to two thirds, and 3 = high signal intensity in two thirds or more of the cross section area. Alar ligament changes Grade 0 to 3 were seen in all 3 diagnostic groups. Areas of high signal intensity (Grade 2-3) were found in at least one alar ligament in 4...Continue Reading

References

Mar 1, 1987·Spine·J Dvorak, M M Panjabi
Jun 1, 2001·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·R Ferrari, H Schrader
Apr 28, 2004·Neuroradiology·Sumit RoyTerje Tillung

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 30, 2011·Der Orthopäde·H SchraderW Eisenmenger
Oct 13, 2009·Experimental Brain Research·Astrid WoodhouseOttar Vasseljen
Aug 13, 2009·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·James ElliottGwendolen Jull
Nov 13, 2012·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Quan LiMing Li
Nov 13, 2010·BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders·Nils VettiAnsgar Espeland
Sep 24, 2011·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Erika Jasmin UlbrichMatthias Sturzenegger
Mar 15, 2011·Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine·R Shane TubbsAaron A Cohen-Gadol
Nov 4, 2011·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·James M ElliottJ Timothy Noteboom
Jun 2, 2011·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·K Sean MathersMichael Timko
Mar 13, 2010·Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række·Harald Schrader, Lars Jacob Stovner
Mar 9, 2012·Emergency Radiology·Sathish Kumar Dundamadappa, Keith A Cauley
Feb 8, 2011·Manual Therapy·Mats Peter JohanssonAlice Kongsted
Aug 25, 2009·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Engene J Carragee
Jun 23, 2009·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Michael D FreemanEvan Katz
Sep 29, 2011·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Heidi KnackstedtMichael Bjørn Russell
Mar 8, 2013·Manual Therapy·James M ElliottTodd B Parrish
Oct 4, 2016·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·James M ElliottKenneth A Weber
Oct 4, 2016·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Brian D Stemper, Brian D Corner
Jul 2, 2017·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Peter R BlanpiedEric K Robertson
Jun 18, 2017·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·David M Walton, James M Elliott
Sep 25, 2010·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·N LummelH Bitterling
Sep 2, 2010·Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række·Harald Schrader, Lars Jacob Stovner
Mar 27, 2012·Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine·Christopher P AmesChristopher I Shaffrey
Jan 26, 2020·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Benjamin PetersJohan W Van Goethem
Nov 28, 2017·Neuromodulation : Journal of the International Neuromodulation Society·Marzieh EghtesadiGuy Pierre Boudreau
Jan 8, 2019·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Scott F FarrellMichele Sterling
May 27, 2020·Chiropractic & Manual Therapies·Karthik V HariharanMichael J Schneider

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.