Magnocellular hypothalamic system and its interaction with the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Steroids
Elena V Sivukhina, Gustav F Jirikowski

Abstract

The hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis and in regulation of numerous adaptive reactions, e.g., endocrine stress response. Nonapeptides vasopressin and oxytocin are the major hormones of this system. They are synthesized by magnocellular neurons of the paraventricular and supraoptic hypothalamic nuclei. Magnocellular vasopressin is known to be one of the main physiological regulators of water-electrolyte balance. Its importance for control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis has been widely described. Magnocellular oxytocin is secreted predominantly during lactation and parturition. The complex actions of oxytocin within the brain include control of reproductive behavior and its involvement in central stress response to different stimuli. It's neuroendocrine basis is activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis: corticotropin-releasing hormone is synthesized in parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei. The transitory coexpression of vasopressin in these cells upon stress has been described. Glucocorticoids, the end products of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis have both central and peripheral actions. Their availability to target tissues is m...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 30, 2018·Stress : the International Journal on the Biology of Stress·Christian SchinkeOsama Sabri
Nov 2, 2019·Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience : the Official Scientific Journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Tsung-Yu TsaiPo See Chen
Jan 18, 2018·Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses·Ashley WeberDeborah Steward
Jul 5, 2017·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Heather B Patisaul
Oct 21, 2020·The British Journal of Nutrition·HyunGyu SuhStavros A Kavouras
Dec 26, 2018·Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy·Elena V Sivukhina, Gustav F Jirikowski

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