PMID: 6413468Sep 1, 1983Paper

Main Drain virus as a cause of equine encephalomyelitis

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
R W EmmonsL S Oshiro

Abstract

Main Drain virus, which is thought to be transmitted normally among rabbits and various rodents by its natural vector, Culicoides variipennis, was isolated repeatedly from brain tissue of a sick horse from Sacramento County, California, and was implicated as the causative agent. Signs of illness were incoordination and ataxia, stiff neck, head pressing, inability to swallow, fever, and tachycardia.

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