PMID: 3320561Jan 1, 1987Paper

Main endocrine modulators of vitamin D hydroxylases in human pathophysiology

Journal of Steroid Biochemistry
A CaniggiaR Nuti

Abstract

Vitamin D is considered to be devoid of direct biological activity. It must be first hydroxylated in the liver by a 25-hydroxylase (25OHase), then in the kidney by a 1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha OHase) which is responsible for the synthesis of the active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). The activity of 1 alpha OHase is known to be under the control of a series of endocrine modulators, particularly parathyroid hormone (PTH) and estrogens. We report here our studies in humans concerning the behaviour of vitamin D hydroxylases in some pathological conditions. In chronic liver disease no severe impairment of vitamin D-25-hydroxylation has been observed, except in the latest stages: this is probably due to the great functional reserve of the liver, so that normal levels of serum 25OHD can be maintained on condition that the vitamin D supply is adequate. 1 alpha OHase is impaired in chronic renal failure due to the decrease in the number of functioning nephrons. It has been demonstrated that kidney transplantation restores normal 1,25(OH)2D levels. A decrease in 1,25(OH)2D production due to reduced PTH stimulation has been observed in hypoparathyroidism: in these patients a subcutaneous substitution therapy with synt...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 2, 2010·Journal of Oncology Practice·Qamar J Khan, Carol J Fabian
Jan 12, 2012·The Oncologist·Theresa ShaoMichael L Grossbard
Apr 8, 2014·European Journal of Cancer : Official Journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)·Hee Jeong KimSei Hyun Ahn
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Jan 16, 2007·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Leon Fisher, Alexander Fisher

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