Malignant transformation of intramedullary melanocytoma: case report

Neurosurgery
Paolo PerriniGiuliano Francesco Parenti

Abstract

Meningeal melanocytomas are low-grade primary melanocytic tumors with benign histological features and a favorable clinical prognosis. Transition from meningeal melanocytoma to primary melanoma of the central nervous system is exceptionally rare, with only 5 cases having been previously reported. Here, we discuss a case of malignant transformation of an intramedullary melanocytoma to primary melanoma and review the pertinent literature. A 79-year-old woman presented with progressive paresis in the lower limbs followed by sphincter dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging scans disclosed an intramedullary lesion located at the T10-T11 level. The patient underwent subtotal resection of an intermediate-grade melanocytoma. Two years later, the tumor recurred locally, and the patient underwent additional surgery to remove the intramedullary mass. The histological findings of the tumor were consistent with an intramedullary malignant melanoma. The malignant transformation of melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system may occur years after surgical treatment, and its incidence remains unknown. Emphasis should be placed on the importance of careful and continued follow-up monitoring of the tumor.

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Citations

Jul 11, 2012·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·E WinogradS Constantini
Apr 16, 2013·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Niels A FoitNiklaus Krayenbühl
Jul 17, 2012·Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·M MuthappanV Balakrishnan
Mar 13, 2016·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Chenlong YangYulun Xu
Oct 16, 2014·Pathology Oncology Research : POR·Heidi V N Küsters-VandeveldePatricia J T A Groenen
Sep 26, 2020·Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology·Teresa San-MiguelMiguel Cerdá-Nicolas

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