Mammalian PRC1 Complexes: Compositional Complexity and Diverse Molecular Mechanisms.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Zhuangzhuang Geng, Zhonghua Gao

Abstract

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function as vital epigenetic regulators in various biological processes, including pluripotency, development, and carcinogenesis. PcG proteins form multicomponent complexes, and two major types of protein complexes have been identified in mammals to date, Polycomb Repressive Complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1 and PRC2). The PRC1 complexes are composed in a hierarchical manner in which the catalytic core, RING1A/B, exclusively interacts with one of six Polycomb group RING finger (PCGF) proteins. This association with specific PCGF proteins allows for PRC1 to be subdivided into six distinct groups, each with their own unique modes of action arising from the distinct set of associated proteins. Historically, PRC1 was considered to be a transcription repressor that deposited monoubiquitylation of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub1) and compacted local chromatin. More recently, there is increasing evidence that demonstrates the transcription activation role of PRC1. Moreover, studies on the higher-order chromatin structure have revealed a new function for PRC1 in mediating long-range interactions. This provides a different perspective regarding both the transcription activation and repression characteristics of...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2021·Epigenetics & Chromatin·Reza RaeisossadatiJeffrey M Gross
Aug 25, 2021·Trends in Genetics : TIG·Simone TamburriDiego Pasini
May 25, 2021·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Jia-Li YuanQun-Shan Wang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
affinity purification
ChIP-seq
ubiquitination
mono-ubiquitination
HiC
dissection

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