Mammalian secreted phospholipases A2 and their pathophysiological significance in inflammatory diseases
Abstract
Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) represent a growing family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phospholipids at the sn-2 position leading to the generation of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Mammalian PLA2s are divided into two major classes according to their molecular mass and location: intracellular PLA2 and secreted PLA2 (sPLA2). Type-IIA sPLA2 (sPLA2-IIA), the best studied enzyme of sPLA2, plays a role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Conversely, sPLA2-IIA can exert beneficial action in the context of infectious diseases since recent studies have shown that this enzyme exhibits potent bactericidal effects. Induction of the synthesis of sPLA2-IIA is generally initiated by endotoxin and a limited number of cytokines via paracrine and/or autocrine processes. If the mechanisms involved in the regulation of sPLA2-IIA gene expression have been relatively clarified, little is known on the mechanisms that regulate the expression of other sPLA2. There have been substantial progresses in understanding the transcriptional regulation of sPLA2-IIA expression. Recently, transcription factors including NF-kappaB, PPAR, C/EBP have been identified to play a prominent role in the regulation of sPLA2-IIA gene ex...Continue Reading
Citations
Proteome-wide prediction of targets for aspirin: new insight into the molecular mechanism of aspirin
Related Concepts
Related Feeds
Adhesion Molecules in Health and Disease
Cell adhesion molecules are a subset of cell adhesion proteins located on the cell surface involved in binding with other cells or with the extracellular matrix in the process called cell adhesion. In essence, cell adhesion molecules help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. Cell adhesion is a crucial component in maintaining tissue structure and function. Discover the latest research on adhesion molecule and their role in health and disease here.