Management of adverse side-effects after chemotherapy in macaques as exemplified by streptozotocin: case studies and recommendations

Laboratory Animals
Melanie L GrahamHenk-Jan Schuurman

Abstract

The chemotherapeutic streptozotocin is used for induction of diabetes in animal models including non-human primates. Being a cytotoxic nitrosourea compound, it can be associated with adverse events (AEs), mainly nausea and emesis, nephrotoxicity, elevated liver transaminase levels, pulmonary oedema and, most prominently, metabolic acidosis: these can be severe in some cases. The incidence and gravity are to some extent related to the characteristics of the individual animal, diagnostic tools, prompt recognition of symptoms and supportive measures. Careful animal selection, dose adaptation and supportive actions such as renal protective hydration are the main tools in managing AEs, but do not fully eliminate unavoidable and sometimes life-threatening conditions. In our centre we have built experience in a cohort of 78 cynomolgus and rhesus macaques in which six cases manifested severe AEs (8%). This experience has prompted implementation of strategies for early detection and management of adverse effects, together with an animal refinement programme. We present here specific pretreatment regimens, post-infusion laboratory evaluations, and flow charts to assess/treat metabolic acidosis and precipitating factors. Case reports of t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 1, 2015·European Journal of Pharmacology·Melanie L Graham, Mark J Prescott
Mar 31, 2015·European Journal of Pharmacology·Melanie L Graham, Henk-Jan Schuurman
Oct 18, 2014·Islets·Santosh NagarajuRita Bottino

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pancreatectomy
sedation

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