Managing acute lower respiratory tract infections in an era of antibacterial resistance

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Gregory A VolturoRichard Aghababian

Abstract

Respiratory tract infections account for more than 116 million office visits and an estimated 3 million visits to hospital EDs annually. Patients presenting at EDs with symptoms suggestive of lower respiratory tract infections of suspected bacterial etiology are often severely ill, thus requiring a rapid presumptive diagnosis and empiric antimicrobial treatment. Traditionally, clinicians have relied on beta-lactam or macrolide antibiotics to manage community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. However, the emerging resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to beta-lactams and/or macrolides may affect the clinical efficacy of these agents. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and use of agents with an overly broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity have contributed to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. When treating respiratory infections, clinicians need to prescribe antimicrobial agents only for those individuals with infections of suspected bacterial etiology; to select agents with a targeted spectrum of activity that ensures coverage against typical S pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis strains, including antibiotic-resistant strains and atypical pathogens; and to consider agents with specifi...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1992·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·R Sanson-FisherS Armstrong
Jul 1, 1991·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·R Leclercq, P Courvalin
Dec 1, 1990·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·E Pérez-TralleroA Peris
Dec 1, 1990·Thorax·F P MaesenB I Davies
Feb 1, 1995·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·J E ConteE Zurlinden
Apr 1, 1994·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·D N FishK A Rodvold
Aug 1, 1996·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·W A Craig
Jan 23, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·M J FineW N Kapoor
Jul 1, 1996·Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease·J KraussR Hakenbeck
May 1, 1997·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·C M BébéarC Bébéar
Jul 1, 1997·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·A PikisW J Rodriguez
Dec 24, 1997·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·T P MeehanJ M Fine
May 13, 1998·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·C E GoldsmithJ E Ambler
Jul 11, 1998·Journal of Clinical Pathology·L M Hall
Mar 3, 1999·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·B O'Doherty, O Muller
Mar 3, 1999·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·F J BoswellR Wise
Mar 3, 1999·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·R WiseJ P Ashby
May 4, 1999·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·S Sethi
Oct 19, 1999·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·V D ShortridgeR K Flamm
Mar 4, 2000·Infection·J C HamelC W Ford
Mar 18, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·J P MetlayR F Breiman
Mar 18, 2000·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·S StriglM R Hammerschlag
Apr 28, 2000·Kansenshōgaku zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases·M KomatsuS Matsuo
Sep 15, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·J G BartlettM J Fine
Sep 21, 2000·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·G C SchitoA Marchese
Sep 21, 2000·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·G Woodnutt
Oct 26, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·M A KelleyM S Cohen
Oct 29, 2000·Seminars in Respiratory Infections·S G Adams, A Anzueto
Jan 3, 2001·The New England Journal of Medicine·C G WhitneyUNKNOWN Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Program of the Emerging Infections Program Network

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 18, 2010·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Tomoyuki HommaShogo Kuwahara
Jul 31, 2007·Future Microbiology·Charles Feldman, Ronald Anderson
Dec 22, 2006·Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy·Daryl J Hoban, George G Zhanel
Oct 11, 2011·Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica·Agustín Arévalo-VelascoAngel García-García
Jan 19, 2008·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Javier AspaFelipe Rodríguez de Castro
Oct 26, 2011·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·V SistekM G Bergeron
Jun 30, 2004·Journal of Pain and Symptom Management·Thomas J SchnitzerSheldon X Kong
Mar 11, 2010·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Geraint B RogersKenneth D Bruce
Aug 21, 2014·Veterinary Clinical Pathology·Emily C GraffMinerva Brauss
Sep 14, 2018·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine·Lin ZhangChunbin Wang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Bacterial Pneumonia (ASM)

Bacterial pneumonia is a prevalent and costly infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages. Here is the latest research.

Antifungals (ASM)

An antifungal, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Discover the latest research on antifungals here.

Bacterial Pneumonia

Bacterial pneumonia is a prevalent and costly infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages. Here is the latest research.

Antimicrobial Resistance (ASM)

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Antifungals

An antifungal, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Discover the latest research on antifungals here.

Related Papers

The European Respiratory Journal
H KotheCompetence Network for Community-Acquired Pneumonia study group
Archivos de bronconeumología
I AlfagemeGrupo de Estudio de la Neumonía Adquirida en la Comunidad. Area de Tuberculosis e Infecciones Respiratorias (TIR)-SEPAR
Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
I A CritchleyD F Sahm
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
Aleksandra K WierzbowskiGeorge G Zhanel
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved