Mandatory infant & childhood immunization: Rationales, issues and knowledge gaps.

Vaccine
Noni E MacDonaldRobb Butler

Abstract

Globally, infant and childhood vaccine uptake rates are not high enough to control vaccine preventable diseases, with outbreaks occurring even in high-income countries. This has led a number of high-, middle-and low income countries to enact, strengthen or contemplate mandatory infant and/or childhood immunization to try to address the gap. Mandatory immunization that reduces or eliminates individual choice is often controversial. There is no standard approach to mandatory immunization. What vaccines are included, age groups covered, program flexibility and rigidity e.g. opportunities for opting out, penalties or incentives, degree of enforcement, and whether a compensation program for causally associated serious adverse events following immunization exists vary widely. We present an overview of mandatory immunization with examples in two high- and one low-income countries to illustrate variations, summarize limited outcome data related to mandatory immunization, and suggest key elements to consider when contemplating mandatory infant and/or child immunization. Before moving forward with mandatory immunization, governments need to assure financial sustainability, uninterrupted supply and equitable access to all the population. ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 25, 2019·Applied Health Economics and Health Policy·Tracey ChantlerJames Wilson
Jan 24, 2019·The European Journal of General Practice·Henri PartoucheOlivier Saint-Lary
Dec 24, 2019·Pathogens and Global Health·Giovanni Rezza
Aug 26, 2020·The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB·Heidi Malm, Mark Christopher Navin
Jun 7, 2019·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Eleanor DraegerDavid A C Elliman
Jul 25, 2019·Nature·Saad B OmerJulie Leask
Sep 19, 2019·The Milbank Quarterly·Katie Attwell, Mark C Navin
Jun 4, 2020·Scientific Reports·Eamonn FergusonJonathan H W Tan
Sep 21, 2020·The Medical Journal of Australia·Brynley P HullKristine Macartney
Jan 26, 2021·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Taylor A HolroydDaniel A Salmon
Sep 30, 2020·Vaccine·Shawn H E HarmonUNKNOWN Global NITAG Network 2018 Survey Correspondents
Feb 11, 2021·Immunity, Inflammation and Disease·Giorgio CostagliolaRita Consolini
Nov 7, 2020·Journal of Medical Ethics·Julian Savulescu
Mar 7, 2021·Vaccines·Martina BarchittaAntonella Agodi
Apr 3, 2021·Annual Review of Public Health·Ève DubéNoni E MacDonald
Jun 25, 2021·BMC Public Health·John DruryTheresa M Marteau
Jun 14, 2021·Vaccine·Samantha Vanderslott, Tatjana Marks
Jun 19, 2021·Vaccine·Louise E SmithG James Rubin
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Laura Franza, Rossella Cianci
Aug 5, 2021·The Lancet Regional Health. Europe·Emil Nafis IftekharPeter Willeit
Aug 25, 2021·PloS One·Katherine Kricorian, Karin Turner
Aug 28, 2021·Globalization and Health·Catherine DecouttereNico Vandaele
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Shuaa Z AlshammariMohamad Al-Tannir
Nov 21, 2021·Haemophilia : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·Sercin TasarBulent Alioglu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Journal of Policy Analysis and Management : [the Journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management]
D Hemenway
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Aharona Glatman-Freedman, Katherine Nichols
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved