Mannose-specific plant lectins from the Amaryllidaceae family qualify as efficient microbicides for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus infection

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Jan BalzariniDominique Schols

Abstract

The plant lectins derived from Galanthus nivalis (Snowdrop) (GNA) and Hippeastrum hybrid (Amaryllis) (HHA) selectively inhibited a wide variety of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 strains and clinical (CXCR4- and CCR5-using) isolates in different cell types. They also efficiently inhibited infection of T lymphocytes by a variety of mutant virus strains. GNA and HHA markedly prevented syncytium formation between persistently infected HUT-78/HIV cells and uninfected T lymphocytes. The plant lectins did not measurably affect the antiviral activity of other clinically approved anti-HIV drugs used in the clinic when combined with these drugs. Short exposure of the lectins to cell-free virus particles or persistently HIV-infected HUT-78 cells markedly decreased HIV infectivity and increased the protective (microbicidal) activity of the plant lectins. Flow cytometric analysis and monoclonal antibody binding studies and a PCR-based assay revealed that GNA and HHA do not interfere with CD4, CXCR4, CCR5, and DC-SIGN and do not specifically bind with the membrane of uninfected cells. Instead, GNA and HHA likely interrupt the virus entry process by interfering with the virus envelope glycoprotein. HHA and GNA are odorl...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 29, 2005·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Jan Balzarini
Jul 17, 2007·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Jan Balzarini
Sep 1, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Haruo TanakaSatoshi Omura
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May 29, 2008·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Emanuela BalestrieriBeatrice Macchi
Jul 17, 2007·Journal of Bacteriology·Luyan MaDaniel J Wozniak
Sep 16, 2004·Journal of Virology·Jan BalzariniDominique Schols
Mar 20, 2010·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Shu-Ye JiangSrinivasan Ramachandran
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Dec 18, 2014·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Geoffrey FérirDominique Schols
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