Mapping heterogeneity of cellular mechanics by multi-harmonic atomic force microscopy

Nature Protocols
Yuri M EfremovArvind Raman

Abstract

The goal of mechanobiology is to understand the links between changes in the physical properties of living cells and normal physiology and disease. This requires mechanical measurements that have appropriate spatial and temporal resolution within a single cell. Conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods that acquire force curves pointwise are used to map the heterogeneous mechanical properties of cells. However, the resulting map acquisition time is much longer than that required to study many dynamic cellular processes. Dynamic AFM (dAFM) methods using resonant microcantilevers are compatible with higher-speed, high-resolution scanning; however, they do not directly acquire force curves and they require the conversion of a limited number of instrument observables to local mechanical property maps. We have recently developed a technique that allows commercial AFM systems equipped with direct cantilever excitation to quantitatively map the viscoelastic properties of live cells. The properties can be obtained at several widely spaced frequencies with nanometer-range spatial resolution and with fast image acquisition times (tens of seconds). Here, we describe detailed procedures for quantitative mapping, including sample p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 16, 2020·Nanoscale·Pablo D GarciaRicardo Garcia
Dec 13, 2018·Journal of Nanobiotechnology·Xiangying DengZhaoyang Zeng
Aug 9, 2020·Scientific Reports·Yu M EfremovP S Timashev
Jul 7, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jagoba IturriJosé Luis Toca-Herrera
Apr 23, 2021·Nanoscale·Javier SotresJuan F Gonzalez-Martinez
Apr 21, 2021·Nature Metabolism·Tom M J EversAlireza Mashaghi

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
AFM
fluorescence imaging
fluorescence microscopy

Software Mentioned

blueDrive
InvOLS
MATLAB
dAFM
iDrive

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