Materials for Photovoltaics: State of Art and Recent Developments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
José Antonio Luceño-SánchezRafael Peña Capilla

Abstract

In recent years, photovoltaic cell technology has grown extraordinarily as a sustainable source of energy, as a consequence of the increasing concern over the impact of fossil fuel-based energy on global warming and climate change. The different photovoltaic cells developed up to date can be classified into four main categories called generations (GEN), and the current market is mainly covered by the first two GEN. The 1GEN (mono or polycrystalline silicon cells and gallium arsenide) comprises well-known medium/low cost technologies that lead to moderate yields. The 2GEN (thin-film technologies) includes devices that have lower efficiency albeit are cheaper to manufacture. The 3GEN presents the use of novel materials, as well as a great variability of designs, and comprises expensive but very efficient cells. The 4GEN, also known as "inorganics-in-organics", combines the low cost/flexibility of polymer thin films with the stability of novel inorganic nanostructures (i.e., metal nanoparticles and metal oxides) with organic-based nanomaterials (i.e., carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives), and are currently under investigation. The main goal of this review is to show the current state of art on photovoltaic cell technolo...Continue Reading

References

Feb 3, 1992·Physical Review Letters·J W MintmireC T White
May 18, 2000·Accounts of Chemical Research·A Hagfeldt, M Grätzel
Dec 1, 2005·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Mohammad K NazeeruddinMichael Grätzel
Jul 21, 2006·Nature·Sasha StankovichRodney S Ruoff
Mar 3, 2007·Nature Materials·A K Geim, K S Novoselov
Nov 29, 2007·Angewandte Chemie·Barry C Thompson, Jean M J Fréchet
Feb 21, 2008·Nano Letters·Alexander A BalandinChun Ning Lau
Apr 16, 2009·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Akihiro KojimaTsutomu Miyasaka
Sep 30, 2009·Chemical Reviews·Yen-Ju ChengChain-Shu Hsu
Dec 22, 2009·Chemical Society Reviews·Daniel R DreyerRodney S Ruoff
Jan 27, 2010·ACS Nano·Akshay Kumar, Chongwu Zhou
Feb 18, 2010·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Giuseppe CalogeroCarlo Alberto Bignozzi
Apr 10, 2010·Advanced Materials·Xinming LiDehai Wu
Jun 10, 2010·Advanced Materials·Joseph M LutherArthur J Nozik
Jun 25, 2010·Advanced Materials·Dacheng Wei, Yunqi Liu
Oct 12, 2010·Advanced Materials·Kui-Qing Peng, Shuit-Tong Lee
Jun 17, 2011·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Yu-Cheng ChangEric Wei-Guang Diau
Jul 29, 2011·Chemical Society Reviews·Xiao HuangHua Zhang
Sep 3, 2011·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Qian ChengLu-Chang Qin
Oct 22, 2011·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Angel Ramon Hernandez-MartinezRogelio Rodriguez
May 5, 2012·Nano Letters·Xiaochang MiaoArthur F Hebard
Aug 30, 2012·Advanced Materials·Nathan O WeissXiangfeng Duan
Feb 27, 2013·Advanced Materials·Joel JeanVladimir Bulović
Apr 5, 2013·Advanced Materials·Zhike LiuFeng Yan
Aug 1, 2013·Nanoscale·K D G Imalka JayawardenaS Ravi P Silva
Nov 6, 2013·Nano Reviews·Jianjun Tian, Guozhong Cao
Oct 7, 2015·Nano Letters·Zhenyu YangEdward H Sargent
Mar 11, 2016·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Jun DuLi-Jun Wan
Apr 29, 2016·Advanced Materials·Juan-Pablo Correa-BaenaAnders Hagfeldt

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 3, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ganesh KoyyadaJae Hak Jung
Aug 3, 2019·Nanomaterials·José Antonio Luceño-Sánchez, Ana Maria Díez-Pascual
May 24, 2018·Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : Official Journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation·Hale TurnaogluSait Aslamaci
May 1, 2021·Nanomaterials·Marcela Socol, Nicoleta Preda
Dec 29, 2020·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Nefeli LagopatiVassilis G Gorgoulis
Aug 28, 2021·Nanomaterials·Syed Afaq Ali ShahZhongyi Guo

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical modification
thermal treatments

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.