Maternal and fetal lipid metabolism under normal and gestational diabetic conditions

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation
E Herrera, Gernot Desoye

Abstract

Maternal lipids are strong determinants of fetal fat mass. Here we review the overall lipid metabolism in normal and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies. During early pregnancy, the increase in maternal fat depots is facilitated by insulin, followed by increased adipose tissue breakdown and subsequent hypertriglyceridemia, mainly as a result of insulin resistance (IR) and estrogen effects. The response to diabetes is variable as a result of greater IR but decreased estrogen levels. The vast majority of fatty acids (FAs) in the maternal circulation are esterified and associated with lipoproteins. These are taken up by the placenta and hydrolyzed by lipases. The released FAs enter various metabolic routes and are released into fetal circulation. Although these determinants are modified in maternal GDM, the fetus does not seem to receive more FAs than in non-GDM pregnancies. Long-chain polyunsaturated FAs are essential for fetal development and are obtained from the mother. Mitochondrial FA oxidation occurs in fetal tissue and in placenta and contributes to energy production. Fetal fat accretion during the last weeks of gestation occurs very rapidly and is sustained not only by FAs crossing the placenta, but also by fe...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1978·Early Human Development·M Dunlop, J M Court
Apr 1, 1975·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·J A Elliott
Apr 15, 1977·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·L WinklerE Goetze
Jan 1, 1978·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·C Williams, T M Coltart
Nov 1, 1992·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·J VillarJ T Repke
Jan 1, 1992·Annual Review of Nutrition·G AilhaudR Négrel
Jan 1, 1991·Biology of the Neonate·M R AvernaA Notarbartolo
Jan 1, 1991·Electron Microscopy Reviews·C J Jones, H Fox
Oct 1, 1991·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·A V NicholsE L Gong
May 1, 1991·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·H J CaiY H Chen
Dec 1, 1988·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·O Andersen, C Kühl
Aug 1, 1988·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·E A Ryan, L Enns
May 15, 1985·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·J A GarbaciakJ J Barton
Jun 1, 1985·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·M Rebuffé-ScriveP Björntorp
Apr 1, 1973·Pediatric Research·J DancisM Levitz
Jul 1, 1972·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth·T M Coltart
Aug 1, 1972·Pediatric Research·T Yoshioka, J F Roux
Jul 1, 1983·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·C J PackardJ Shepherd
Jan 1, 1983·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·T Heim
Dec 1, 1980·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·P K KinnunenM Seppälä
Jan 1, 1983·Journal of Chronic Diseases·M K FordyceG Christakis
Mar 1, 1983·Early Human Development·C M PoissonnetF L Bookstein
Jul 1, 1983·Arteriosclerosis : an Official Journal of the American Heart Association, Inc·P A DavisC B Blum
Sep 1, 1983·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·C R ParkerP C MacDonald
Sep 1, 1982·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Y Z DiamantE Shafrir
Aug 1, 1982·Pediatric Research·H J JohnsonR C Parker
Jun 1, 1981·Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Métabolisme·M A Lasunción, E Herrera
Jan 1, 1980·The American Journal of Medicine·L JovanovicC D Saudek
May 1, 1980·Pediatric Research·W J McConathy, D M Lane
Jan 1, 1994·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·G Desoye, E Shafrir
Jul 1, 1994·Diabetes Care·R SchwartzK A Teramo

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 8, 2016·Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine·Daniel T Robinson, Camilia R Martin
Dec 4, 2016·Journal of Lipid Research·Simone PerazzoloBram G Sengers
Jun 23, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Laura StirmHarald Staiger
Feb 7, 2020·Nutrients·Vikkie A MustadRicardo Rueda
Dec 28, 2019·Stem Cells Translational Medicine·Francisco Algaba-ChuecaSonia Fernández-Veledo
Feb 23, 2020·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·Carolina Carvalho MocarzelAsim Kurjak
Apr 5, 2020·International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics : the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·Marina IvanisevicJosip Djelmis
Sep 11, 2018·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Gisela Wilcox
Jun 3, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Signe MosegaardRikke Katrine Jentoft Olsen
May 1, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·María Fernanda GarcesJorge Eduardo Caminos
May 1, 2021·Nutrients·Maciej ZiętekMałgorzata Szczuko
Jul 2, 2021·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Lissette Sanchez-Aranguren, Sarah Nadeem

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Transgenic

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

ApoE, Lipids & Cholesterol

Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B (APOB)-containing lipoproteins (very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), immediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), lipoprotein A (LPA)) and the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio are all connected in diseases. Here is the latest research.