Maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants and risk of congenital anomalies

Environmental Research
Judith RankinTanja Pless-Mulloli

Abstract

Studies have suggested an association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of congenital anomaly. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between exposure to black smoke (BS; particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <4 microg/m(3)) and sulphur dioxide (SO(2)) during the first trimester of pregnancy and risk of congenital anomalies. We used a case-control study design among deliveries to mothers resident in the UK Northern health region during 1985-1990. Case data were ascertained from the population-based Northern Congenital Abnormality Survey and control data from national data on all births. Data on BS and SO(2) from ambient air monitoring stations were used to average the total pollutant exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy over the daily readings from all monitors within 10 km of the mother's residence. Logistic regression models estimated the association via odds ratios. A significant but weak positive association was found between nervous system anomalies and BS (OR=1.10 per increase of 1000 microg/m(3) total BS; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.18), but not with other anomaly subtypes. For SO(2), a significant negative association was found with congenital heart disease combined and ...Continue Reading

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