Maternal immune activation with staphylococcal enterotoxin A produces unique behavioral changes in C57BL/6 mouse offspring

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
Ruthy GlassAlexander W Kusnecov

Abstract

Stimulation of the immune system during pregnancy, known as maternal immune activation (MIA), can cause long-lasting neurobiological and behavioral changes in the offspring. This phenomenon has been implicated in the etiology of developmental psychiatric disorders, such as autism and schizophrenia. Much of this evidence is predicated on animal models using bacterial agents such as LPS and/or viral mimics such as Poly I:C, both of which act through toll-like receptors. However, fewer studies have examined the role of direct activation of maternal T-cells during pregnancy using microbial agents. Bacterial superantigens, such as Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A and B (SEA; SEB), are microbial proteins that activate CD4+ T-cells and cause prominent T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. We injected pregnant and non-pregnant adult female C57BL/6 mice with 200 μg/Kg of SEA, SEB, or 0.9% saline, and measured splenic T-cell-derived cytokine concentrations (viz., IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-4) 2 h later; animals injected with SEA were also measured for splenic concentrations of TNF-α and IL-17A. Half of the injected pregnant animals were brought to term, and their offspring were tested on a series of behavioral tasks starting at six we...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 12, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Magdalena CieślikAgata Adamczyk
Aug 14, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Antonio Ji-Xu, Angela Vincent
Sep 10, 2020·Journal of Neurochemistry·Luis A- Trujillo VillarrealAlberto Camacho-Morales
Apr 24, 2021·Brain and Neuroscience Advances·Jonathan Davis, Erik Mire
May 2, 2021·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Wadzanai ManjeeseThabisile Mpofana
Jan 14, 2022·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Yu Young JeongQian Cai

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