Maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy

Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series. Paediatric Programme
Theresa O Scholl

Abstract

In humans, the link between the maternal diet and the outcome of pregnancy is best illustrated by the classic study of wartime famine in Holland. During the famine it is likely that a low food intake reduced the glucose stream from the mother to fetus and gave rise to smaller size at birth. Maternal glucose production is also influenced by the type of carbohydrate in the diet. Even when famine and starvation are not issues, a low dietary glycemic index can alter maternal blood glucose production and the area under the glucose curve, and give rise to reductions in fetal growth and infant weight at birth. Reduced food intake in famine areas would also reduce the concentration of micronutrients in the maternal diet. Two micronutrients (iron and folate) have effects on pregnancy outcome that have been shown with some consistency in pregnant women. Emerging evidence now suggests that use of micronutrient- containing prenatal vitamins before and during pregnancy is associated with reductions in the risk of congenital defects, preterm delivery, low infant birthweight, and preeclampsia.

Citations

Apr 29, 2011·BMC Public Health·Aamer Imdad, Zulfiqar A Bhutta
Jun 29, 2011·Epidemiology·Emily W HarvilleOlli T Raitakari
Aug 9, 2011·BMC Women's Health·Michelle L BlumfieldClare E Collins
Oct 28, 2008·Obesity Surgery·Joel FaintuchIvan Cecconello
Mar 2, 2012·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·C A McGowan, F M McAuliffe
Oct 11, 2012·Public Health Nutrition·Sun Eun LeeLaura E Caulfield
Mar 19, 2016·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Pedro S P HuotG Harvey Anderson
Feb 27, 2009·The British Journal of Nutrition·Miguel Mariscal-ArcasFatima Olea-Serrano
Feb 2, 2021·Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism·Melissa F Young, Usha Ramakrishnan

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