Maternal obesity and increased neonatal adiposity correspond with altered infant mesenchymal stem cell metabolism

JCI Insight
Peter R BakerJacob E Friedman

Abstract

Maternal obesity is a global health problem that increases offspring obesity risk. The metabolic pathways underlying early developmental programming in human infants at risk for obesity remain poorly understood, largely due to barriers in fetal/infant tissue sampling. Utilizing umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (uMSC) from offspring of normal weight and obese mothers, we tested whether energy metabolism and gene expression differ in differentiating uMSC myocytes and adipocytes, in relation to maternal obesity exposures and/or neonatal adiposity. Biomarkers of incomplete β-oxidation were uniquely positively correlated with infant adiposity and maternal lipid levels in uMSC myocytes from offspring of obese mothers only. Metabolic and biosynthetic processes were enriched in differential gene expression analysis related to maternal obesity. In uMSC adipocytes, maternal obesity and lipids were associated with downregulation in multiple insulin-dependent energy-sensing pathways including PI3K and AMPK. Maternal lipids correlated with uMSC adipocyte upregulation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain but downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Overall, our data revealed cell-specific alterations in metabolism and gene ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 10, 2018·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·F LouwenJ Yuan
Mar 4, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Erica L Wright, Peter R Baker
Aug 28, 2019·Diabetologia·Wei PerngDana Dabelea
Aug 9, 2020·Current Diabetes Reports·Ankur RughaniJeanie B Tryggestad
Sep 1, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Peter R Baker, Jacob E Friedman
Jul 22, 2019·Current Diabetes Reports·Elvira Isganaitis
Jan 25, 2022·Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease·Kim Ramil C MontanielAlina Maloyan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
RNA-Seq

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02273297

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
GSEA
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis GSEA
Cufflinks
STRING

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