Maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood cancer

American Journal of Epidemiology
M A KlebanoffJ S Read

Abstract

The association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood cancer was investigated using prospectively collected data from 54,795 liveborn children in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1966). Cases of cancer had a histologic diagnosis and/or a compatible clinical course. There were 51 children with cancer, for a cumulative incidence of cancer of 1.1 per 1,000 by 96 months of age. Maternal smoking was determined at each prenatal visit; 52% of mothers reported smoking at one or more visits. By age 8 years, cancer had occurred in 1.4 per 1,000 children whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy, compared with 0.9 per 1,000 children whose mothers smoked (p = 0.15 by log rank test); the hazard ratio was 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38-1.17). There was no dose-response effect of smoking compared with nonsmokers (hazard ratio for one to 10 cigarettes/day = 0.45, more than 10 cigarettes/day = 0.83). The hazard ratio for leukemia among children whose mothers smoked was 0.82 (95% CI 0.31-2.11); the hazard ratio for cancers other than leukemia was 0.60 (95% CI 0.30-1.20). Adjustment did not change the hazard ratio substantially. Although the relatively small number of cases precluded extensive study of indiv...Continue Reading

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