Maternal thyroid disease and risk of birth defects in offspring: a population-based case-control study.
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between maternal thyroid disease and the risk of birth defects in offspring using data from a large population-based, case-control study. Cases included 4904 stillborn and liveborn infants with major anomalies diagnosed in the first year of life and born to residents of metropolitan Atlanta between 1968 and 1980. Controls included 3027 normal babies, frequency-matched to cases by race, hospital of birth and quarter of birth. We compared mothers of cases and controls regarding history of physician-diagnosed hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism before the infant's birth, age at diagnosis of thyroid condition, duration of illness, and intake of thyroid medications before and during pregnancy. Information obtained from maternal interviews was evaluated for concordance with hospital records. We adjusted for potentially confounding factors using conditional logistic regression analysis. Overall, there was no relationship between the risk of total birth defects and history of maternal hypothyroidism (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% C.I. 0.84-1.31), maternal hyperthyroidism (OR = 1.00, 95% C.I. 0.66-1.53), and intake of thyroid hormone and antithyroid drugs before and during pregnancy. In an analysis of 66 sp...Continue Reading
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A comparison of propylthiouracil versus methimazole in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy
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Birth Defects
Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.