Matrix levels of metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and toxicity evaluation of carbonate apatite-based endodontic sealer in rat subcutaneous implantation

Heliyon
Sri TjahajawatiSebastian Sunardhi Widyaputra

Abstract

The aims of this study is to investigate the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) levels and the toxicity evaluation to determine the safety of carbonate apatite material that will be used as an endodontic sealer. Carbonate apatite as endodontic sealer material is fabricated with a size of 2 × 2 × 1 mm, sterilized, and then implanted in the subcutaneous area on the murine back. Total of 28 rats was divided into 2 groups: the implantation group and the control group (positive and negative). We observed behavior, macroscopic and microscopic images (through hematoxylin-eosin/HE staining) and MMP-2 levels in the serum (through ELISA examination) to determine the reaction of implant material in experimental animals. Behavioral test shows impaired motor function within 2-24 h in all rats, autonomic behavioral test does not show any disturbance, macroscopic images show appearance of tumor and rubor within 2-72 h in all rats, microscopic images shows an increase in the mean neutrophils number with the highest point located in the 24 h (3.92×103/μL) and lymphocytes with the highest point in the 14 days (15.31×103/μL). The average value of MMP-2 levels of the negative control group was 1.33 ng/ml, 1.29 ng/ml of the positive control group, ...Continue Reading

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