Maturation and interhemispheric asymmetry in neurite density and orientation dispersion in early childhood.
Abstract
The brain's white matter undergoes profound changes during early childhood, which are believed to underlie the rapid development of cognitive and behavioral skills during this period. Neurite density, and complexity of axonal projections, have been shown to change across the life span, though changes during early childhood are poorly characterized. Here, we utilize neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to investigate maturational changes in tract-wise neurite density index (NDI) and orientation dispersion index (ODI) during early childhood. Additionally, we assess hemispheric asymmetry of tract-wise NDI and ODI values, and longitudinal changes. Two sets of diffusion weighted images with different diffusion-weighting were collected from 125 typically developing children scanned at baseline (N = 125; age range = 4.14-7.29; F/M = 73/52), 6-month (N = 8; F/M = 8/0), and 12-month (N = 52; F/M = 39/13) timepoints. NODDI and template-based tractography using constrained spherical deconvolution were utilized to calculate NDI and ODI values for major white matter tracts. Mixed-effects models controlling for sex, handedness, and in-scanner head motion were utilized to assess developmental changes in tract-wise NDI an...Continue Reading
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