Measurement error correction for logistic regression models with an "alloyed gold standard"

American Journal of Epidemiology
D SpiegelmanA McDermott

Abstract

Recently, some authors have questioned the validity of methods which correct relative risk estimates for measurement error and misclassification when the "gold standard" used to obtain information about the measurement error process is itself imperfect. When such an "alloyed" gold standard is used to validate the usual exposure measurement, the bias in the "regression calibration" (Rosner et al., Stat Med 1989; 8:1051-69) measurement-error correction factor for relative risks estimated from logistic regression models is derived. This quantity is a function of the correlations of the "alloyed" gold standard (X) and the usual exposure assessment method (Z) with the truth, of the ratio of the variances of X and Z, and of the correlation between the errors in the "alloyed" gold standard and the errors in the usual exposure assessment method. In this paper, it is proven that if the errors between Z and X are uncorrelated, the regression calibration method has no bias even when the gold standard is "alloyed." When a third method of exposure assessment is available and it is reasonable to assume that the errors in this method are uncorrelated with the errors in the other two exposure assessment methods, point and interval estimates of...Continue Reading

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