Measurement of spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis

Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
Xia LinC S Constantinescu

Abstract

In multiple sclerosis (MS), the spinal cord is a common area of involvement, and its dysfunction is likely to be responsible for much of motor disability. It has been reported that atrophy in the cervical spinal cord occurs early and is detectable in patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome. This finding has important implications for the early treatment of patients with MS because atrophy is thought to reflect destructive, irreversible pathology and subclinical impairment. Recent clinical trials of disease-modifying agents have included spinal cord imaging and, in particular, the measurement of atrophy as a secondary or exploratory measure of treatment efficacy. This review summarizes the underlying pathology responsible for spinal cord atrophy and the methods available to measure it. The relationships between spinal cord atrophy, other magnetic resonance imaging parameters, and clinical disability are also discussed.

Citations

May 17, 2005·Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America·Jack H Simon
Dec 20, 2005·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·W RashidD H Miller
May 18, 2005·NeuroRx : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Rohit BakshiJerry S Wolinsky
Nov 3, 2007·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·R ZivadinovM G Dwyer
Jun 17, 2008·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·Z LiptakC R G Guttmann
Apr 30, 2011·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·J P KleinR Bakshi
May 2, 2014·NeuroImage·Benjamin De LeenerJulien Cohen-Adad
Jan 23, 2016·NeuroImage. Clinical·Marios C YiannakasClaudia A M Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
Dec 10, 2008·Neuroimaging Clinics of North America·Joseph C J Bot, Frederik Barkhof
May 12, 2007·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·P G Bannerman, A Hahn
Jul 29, 2006·Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America·Jack H Simon
Nov 22, 2005·Radiologic Clinics of North America·Jack H Simon
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Rohit BakshiRobert A Bermel
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Robert Zivadinov, Thomas P Leist
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Christopher R TenchCris S Constantinescu
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Rohit Bakshi
Mar 6, 2008·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Feng SongHaitao Zhao
Apr 12, 2007·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Federica Agosta, Massimo Filippi
Mar 5, 2011·British Journal of Pharmacology·Cris S ConstantinescuBruno Gran
Mar 31, 2011·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Adam B CohenRohit Bakshi
Mar 23, 2011·The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York·Matilde IngleseLazar Fleysher
Jul 22, 2014·Annals of Neurology·Winston LiuSteven Jacobson
Jun 30, 2006·NeuroImage·Allan MacKenzie-GrahamArthur W Toga
Jan 18, 2014·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Mohamed-Mounir El MendiliHabib Benali
Jun 29, 2014·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·Carsten LukasHugo Vrenken
Jul 19, 2013·NeuroImage·C A Wheeler-KingshottI Tracey
Jul 29, 2016·Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging·Tarun SinghalRohit Bakshi
Nov 2, 2006·Acta Radiologica·J PyhtinenT Tikkakoski
Feb 13, 2018·Neurology. Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation·Burcu ZeydanOrhun H Kantarci
Mar 19, 2020·Neurology. Genetics·Linda Solstrand DahlbergClas Linnman
Jun 2, 2021·Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical Engineering·Munavar Jasim, Thomas Brindha

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.