Measuring bone stiffness using spherical indentation

PloS One
Oliver R BoughtonRichard L Abel

Abstract

Bone material properties are a major determinant of bone health in older age, both in terms of fracture risk and implant fixation, in orthopaedics and dentistry. Bone is an anisotropic and hierarchical material so its measured material properties depend upon the scale of metric used. The scale used should reflect the clinical problem, whether it is fracture risk, a whole bone problem, or implant stability, at the millimetre-scale. Indentation, an engineering technique involving pressing a hard-tipped material into another material with a known force, may be able to assess bone stiffness at the millimetre-scale (the apparent elastic modulus). We aimed to investigate whether spherical-tip indentation could reliably measure the apparent elastic modulus of human cortical bone. Cortical bone samples were retrieved from the femoral necks of nineteen patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery (10 females, 9 males, mean age: 69 years). The samples underwent indentation using a 1.5 mm diameter, ruby, spherical indenter tip, with sixty indentations per patient sample, across six locations on the bone surfaces, with ten repeated indentations at each of the six locations. The samples then underwent mechanical compression testing. Th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 16, 2018·Materials·Tristan LowePhilip J Withers
Oct 21, 2020·Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)·Katarzyna RosickaWłodzimierz Mrówczyński
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Jun 4, 2021·Acta Radiologica·Rabia Mihriban Kılıncİbrahim Önder Yeniçeri
Jul 3, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·David MuallahLysann M Kroschwald

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
total hip arthroplasty

Software Mentioned

Bluehill
Micro Materials
SPSS Statistics

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