Abstract
The traditional approach of assessing new treatments in clinical end-point studies is becoming less viable for ethical and practical reasons. As more antiretroviral options become available and as treatment is commenced at earlier, asymptomatic stages of infection, alternative methods of assessing the efficacy of antiretroviral regimens are necessary. Recently developed quantitative measures of viral nucleic acids are already proving invaluable in predicting which drugs and combinations are most promising for further investigation. These approaches have been used to evaluate the effect of antiretroviral drugs in clinical trials comparing zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy with combinations of AZT/didanosine (ddI), AZT/zalcitabine (ddC), and AZT/lamivudine (3TC). In one study (Trial BW 34,225-02), levels of HIV-1 RNA in serum fell by approximately 50% in antiretroviral-naive patients on commencement of AZT monotherapy. For patients treated with AZT/ddI and AZT/ddC, reductions in serum HIV-1 RNA levels were significantly greater (80-90%). Increases in CD4 cell count corresponded with these decreases with the decrease in viral load. A second study (Trial NUCB3001) comparing the effect of AZT monotherapy with AZT/3TC therapy in antiretro...Continue Reading
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