Mechanical transfer of Theileria orientalis: possible roles of biting arthropods, colostrum and husbandry practices in disease transmission

Parasites & Vectors
Jade Frederick HammerDavid Emery

Abstract

The intracellular protozoal parasite Theileria orientalis has rapidly spread across South-eastern Australia, substantially impacting local cattle industries since 2006. Haemaphysalis longicornis appears to be a biological vector in the endemic regions. Mechanical transfer of blood by biting arthropods, in colostrum or iatrogenic transmission though husbandry procedures is another possible mode of transmission. This study assesses the risk of these mechanical modes of transmission. Blood was collected from a T. orientalis Ikeda positive Angus steer, and was inoculated into the jugular vein of 9 calves in 3 treatment groups, each with 3 animals. Calves in Group 1 received 10 ml of cryopreserved blood, while those in Groups 2 and 3 received 1 ml (fresh blood) and 0.1 ml (cryopreserved), respectively. An additional three animals remained as negative controls and the donor calf was also followed as a positive control. Blood was collected over 3 months, and analysed via qPCR for the presence of the parasite. Samples of the sucking louse Linognathus vituli were collected opportunistically from calves 5 months after inoculation and tested for T. orientalis. For the colostral transmission study, 30 samples of blood and colostrum were co...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 5, 2016·Veterinary Parasitology·M Fernández de MarcoN Johnson
Jul 13, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Jindřich ChmelařMichail Kotsyfakis
Apr 11, 2020·Parasites & Vectors·Sándor HornokLászló Sugár
Dec 9, 2016·PloS One·Sándor HornokAttila D Sándor
Mar 2, 2021·Veterinary Parasitology·K E LawrenceW E Pomroy

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ELISA

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