Mechanism of anode break stimulation in the heart

Biophysical Journal
R RanjanE Marbán

Abstract

Anodal stimulation is routinely observed in cardiac tissue, but only recently has a mechanism been proposed. The bidomain cardiac tissue model proposes that virtual cathodes induced at sites distant from the electrode initiate the depolarization. In contrast, none of the existing cardiac action potential models (Luo-Rudy phase I and II, or Oxsoft) predict anodal stimulation at the single-cell level. To determine whether anodal stimulation has a cellular basis, we measured membrane potential and membrane current in mammalian ventricular myocytes by using whole-cell patch clamp. Anode break responses can be readily elicited in single ventricular cells. The basis of this anodal stimulation in single cells is recruitment of the hyperpolarization-activated inward current I(f). The threshold of activation for I(f) is -80 mV in rat cells and -120 mV in guinea pig or canine cells. Persistent I(f) "tail" current upon release of the hyperpolarization drives the transmembrane potential toward the threshold of sodium channels, initiating an action potential. Time-dependent block of the inward rectifier, I(K1), at hyperpolarized potentials decreases membrane conductance and thereby potentiates the ability of I(f) to depolarize the cell on t...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1977·The Journal of Physiology·G W Beeler, H Reuter
Nov 1, 1991·The Journal of Physiology·J H LawrenceE Marban
Jan 1, 1990·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·C S HenriquezR Plonsey
May 1, 1985·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·K BenndorfB Nilius
Jan 10, 1985·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·D DiFrancesco, D Noble
May 1, 1989·Biophysical Journal·N G SepulvedaJ P Wikswo
Jan 1, 1989·Annual Review of Medicine·S Furman, A D Mercando
Mar 1, 1970·The Journal of Physiology·G W Beeler, H Reuter
Aug 1, 1981·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·O P HamillF J Sigworth
May 1, 1981·The Journal of Physiology·D DiFrancesco
Aug 1, 1982·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Y I ZilberterN A Burnashev
Jan 1, 1980·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·E Cameliet
May 1, 1980·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·K Yanagihara, H Irisawa
Jun 1, 1995·The Journal of Physiology·H YuI S Cohen
Jan 1, 1993·Circulation Research·H YuI S Cohen
Mar 1, 1994·Biophysical Journal·J P Wikswo
Mar 1, 1994·IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering·B J Roth, J P Wikswo
Mar 1, 1994·Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology·N G Sepulveda, J P Wikswo
Aug 1, 1996·Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology·B J Roth

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 26, 2010·The Journal of Membrane Biology·Oksana DyachokTerence F McDonald
Mar 28, 2002·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·A A ArmoundasG F Tomaselli
Apr 14, 2007·Visual Neuroscience·Pratip Mitra, Robert F Miller
Oct 3, 2007·Visual Neuroscience·Pratip Mitra, Robert F Miller
Aug 10, 2006·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Zhi-Fang YangYuan-Mou Liu
Aug 24, 1999·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·J A Bennett, B J Roth
Nov 4, 2000·Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology·S B KnisleyV G Fast
Apr 5, 2000·Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology·I R EfimovB J Roth
May 11, 2010·Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering·Derek J DosdallRaymond E Ideker
Nov 10, 2001·Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering·P J Basser, B J Roth
Feb 22, 2001·Annual Review of Physiology·U B Kaupp, R Seifert
Dec 10, 2002·Annual Review of Physiology·Richard B Robinson, Steven A Siegelbaum
Mar 20, 2013·Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine·Sunil M Kandel, Bradley J Roth
Feb 9, 2011·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Boyoung JoungPeng-Sheng Chen
Feb 20, 2014·Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine·John Rickard, Niraj Varma
May 7, 2014·Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·Piero Colli FranzoneSimone Scacchi
Aug 2, 2000·The Journal of Physiology·J QuR B Robinson
Jan 30, 2009·Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology·J Paul Mounsey, Stephen B Knisley
Jan 27, 2012·Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc·Alon BarsheshetBurr Hall
Oct 11, 2002·IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering·Vladimir NikolskiIgor R Efimov
Mar 4, 2014·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Sunil M Kandel, Bradley J Roth
Nov 5, 2014·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Tsugutoshi Suzuki, Kyoichi Nishigaki
Nov 27, 2002·Physiological Measurement·Carlos Marcelo Gurjão de GodoyGisela Rosa Franco
Feb 5, 1999·Circulation Research·R RanjanE Marbán
Nov 30, 1999·Circulation Research·I BanvilleW M Smith
Nov 26, 1999·Circulation Research·Y ChengI R Efimov
Sep 20, 2006·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·David TamboreroJosep Brugada
Sep 4, 2007·Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology·Michael S LloydJonathan J Langberg
Apr 26, 2006·Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·Eraldo OcchettaPaolo Marino
Jul 9, 2009·Physiological Reviews·Martin BielXiangang Zong
Jan 15, 2016·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·J BragardJ Elorza
Aug 22, 2000·Current Opinion in Cardiology·G F Tomaselli, J Rose
Aug 24, 2000·Journal of Applied Physiology·A ThakralN V Thakor
Sep 29, 2000·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·L Tung, A G Kléber
Jan 15, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Vladimir P NikolskiIgor R Efimov

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.