Mechanism of deoxynivalenol-induced neurotoxicity in weaned piglets is linked to lipid peroxidation, dampened neurotransmitter levels, and interference with calcium signaling

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Xichun WangJinjie Wu

Abstract

Deoxynivalenol(DON) has broad toxicity in livestock, but we know little about its neurotoxic mechanisms. We investigated DON neurotoxicity in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus of "Duroc × Landrace × Yokshire" piglets. Control piglets were fed a basal diet, while those in low- and high-treatment groups were fed diets with 1.3 mg/kg and 2.2 mg/kg DON, respectively. After a 60 d trial, scanning electron microscopy revealed the destruction of hippocampal cell ultrastructure. As DON concentrations increased, oxidative damage also increased in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus. Norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine concentrations tended to increase, whereas dopamine and γ-aminobutyric acid concentrations decreased. We also observed an increase in calcium concentration, relative mRNA expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and CaMKII phosphorylation. However, calmodulin (CaM) mRNA and protein content decreased. Overall, our results suggest that DON acts through the Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII signaling pathway to influence cerebral lipid peroxidation and neurotransmitter levels.

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Citations

Jan 8, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Ru JiaZhuoyu Shen
Sep 10, 2021·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·Fuchang LiChunyang Wang

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