Mechanism of water-stress induced cavitation in conifers: bordered pit structure and function support the hypothesis of seal capillary-seeding.

Plant, Cell & Environment
Sylvain DelzonHerve Cochard

Abstract

Resistance to water-stress induced cavitation is an important indicator of drought tolerance in woody species and is known to be intimately linked to the anatomy of the xylem. However, the actual mechanical properties of the pit membrane are not well known and the exact mode of air-seeding by which cavitation occurs is still uncertain. We examined the relationship between cavitation resistance and bordered pit structure and function in 40 coniferous species. Xylem pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductance (P(50), a proxy for cavitation resistance) varied widely among species, from -2.9 to -11.3 MPa. The valve effect of the pit membrane, measured as a function of margo flexibility and torus overlap, explained more variation in cavitation-resistance than simple anatomical traits such as pit membrane, pit aperture or torus size. Highly cavitation resistant species exhibited both a high flexibility of the margo and a large overlap between the torus and the pit aperture, allowing the torus to tightly seal the pit aperture. Our results support the hypothesis of seal capillary-seeding as the most likely mode of air-seeding, and suggest that the adhesion of the torus to the pit border may be the main determinant of cavitation...Continue Reading

References

Dec 24, 2005·Science·Jarmila PittermannElzard H Sikkema
Aug 11, 2006·Plant, Cell & Environment·Jarmila PittermannElzard H Sikkema
Aug 13, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jean-Christophe DomecKatherine A McCulloh
Nov 18, 2008·Plant Physiology·Tim J Brodribb, Hervé Cochard
Mar 25, 2009·The New Phytologist·Uwe G Hacke, Steven Jansen
May 13, 2009·The New Phytologist·Mairgareth A ChristmanFrederick R Adler
Jul 31, 2009·Plant Physiology·Hervé CochardMaurizio Mencuccini
Dec 9, 2009·Plant, Cell & Environment·Amanda L SchoonmakerMelvin T Tyree
Mar 1, 2004·American Journal of Botany·Uwe G HackeJarmila Pittermann

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Citations

May 10, 2013·Tree Physiology·Morgane UrliSylvain Delzon
Jul 28, 2013·Journal of Experimental Botany·Hervé CochardSteven Jansen
Jun 12, 2014·Journal of Experimental Botany·Pauline S BoucheSylvain Delzon
Jul 11, 2014·Tree Physiology·Peter HajekBernhard Schuldt
Nov 6, 2014·Journal of Experimental Botany·Lorena BalducciCyrille B K Rathgeber
Mar 11, 2015·Plant, Cell & Environment·Samuel L ZelinkaAlex C Wiedenhoeft
Apr 12, 2011·Plant, Cell & Environment·Pierre-Éric LauriEvelyne Costes
Jul 14, 2011·The New Phytologist·Jarmila PittermannMairgareth A Christman
Nov 1, 2012·Molecular Ecology·Jean-Baptiste LamySylvain Delzon
Oct 10, 2012·Plant, Cell & Environment·Keith A Mott
Jul 22, 2014·Plant, Cell & Environment·Maciej A Zwieniecki, Francesca Secchi
Mar 5, 2013·Current Opinion in Plant Biology·Frederic LensStephane Herbette
Jun 18, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·Rakefet David-SchwartzShabtai Cohen
Apr 20, 2016·Plant, Cell & Environment·Chris J BlackmanRemko A Duursma
Oct 16, 2016·Plant, Cell & Environment·José M Torres-RuizEric Badel
Mar 16, 2017·Journal of Integrative Plant Biology·Martin D VenturasUwe G Hacke
Jun 3, 2017·Tree Physiology·José M OlanoAna I García-Cervigón

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
scanning electron microscopy
scanning microscopy
using transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

SAS
ImageJ
WinCell®

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