Mechanisms contributing to central excitability changes during hearing loss.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Nadia PilatiMartine Hamann

Abstract

Exposure to loud sound causes cochlear damage resulting in hearing loss and tinnitus. Tinnitus has been related to hyperactivity in the central auditory pathway occurring weeks after loud sound exposure. However, central excitability changes concomitant to hearing loss and preceding those periods of hyperactivity, remain poorly explored. Here we investigate mechanisms contributing to excitability changes in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) shortly after exposure to loud sound that produces hearing loss. We show that acoustic overexposure alters synaptic transmission originating from the auditory and the multisensory pathway within the DCN in different ways. A reduction in the number of myelinated auditory nerve fibers leads to a reduced maximal firing rate of DCN principal cells, which cannot be restored by increasing auditory nerve fiber recruitment. In contrast, a decreased membrane resistance of DCN granule cells (multisensory inputs) leads to a reduced maximal firing rate of DCN principal cells that is overcome when additional multisensory fibers are recruited. Furthermore, gain modulation by inhibitory synaptic transmission is disabled in both auditory and multisensory pathways. These cellular mechanisms that contribute t...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 30, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Shuang LiThanos Tzounopoulos
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Jul 21, 2020·Neural Plasticity·Kunkun WangShan Sun
Mar 30, 2018·Neural Plasticity·Congli LiuJingwu Sun

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