Mechanisms of human static spatial orientation.

Experimental Brain Research
S B BortolamiJ R Lackner

Abstract

We have developed a tri-axial model of spatial orientation applicable to static 1g and non-1g environments. The model attempts to capture the mechanics of otolith organ transduction of static linear forces and the perceptual computations performed on these sensor signals to yield subjective orientation of the vertical direction relative to the head. Our model differs from other treatments that involve computing the gravitoinertial force (GIF) vector in three independent dimensions. The perceptual component of our model embodies the idea that the central nervous system processes utricular and saccular stimuli as if they were produced by a GIF vector equal to 1g, even when it differs in magnitude, because in the course of evolution living creatures have always experienced gravity as a constant. We determine just two independent angles of head orientation relative to the vertical that are GIF dependent, the third angle being derived from the first two and being GIF independent. Somatosensory stimulation is used to resolve our vestibular model's ambiguity of the up-down directions. Our otolith mechanical model takes into account recently established non-linear behavior of the force-displacement relationship of the otoconia, and pos...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 22, 2006·Experimental Brain Research·Simone B BortolamiJames R Lackner
Apr 22, 2009·Experimental Brain Research·James R Lackner, Paul DiZio
Dec 9, 2010·Experimental Brain Research·J CarriotJ R Lackner
Oct 10, 2008·Journal of Neurophysiology·Paul R MacNeilageDora E Angelaki
Dec 22, 2009·Experimental Brain Research·Anne Brec'hed Le Séac'hJoseph McIntyre
Feb 12, 2013·Experimental Brain Research·Caty De SaedeleerJoseph McIntyre
Jun 26, 2014·Experimental Brain Research·James R Lackner
Jun 11, 2015·Journal of Mathematical Biology·Thomas ChartrandRichard D Boyle
Nov 26, 2008·Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology·J CarriotV Nougier
Nov 10, 2017·Frontiers in Neurology·Amir Kheradmand, Ariel Winnick
Nov 1, 2018·Journal of Neurophysiology·Marissa J RosenbergFaisal Karmali
Mar 14, 2008·Journal of Neurophysiology·R A A VingerhoetsJ A M Van Gisbergen
Dec 30, 2014·Journal of Neurophysiology·Torin K ClarkLaurence R Young
Mar 13, 2015·Journal of Neurophysiology·Heather PanicJames R Lackner
Apr 25, 2018·Journal of Vestibular Research : Equilibrium & Orientation·Gilles Clément, Millard F Reschke

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