Mechanistic aspects of organophosphorothionate toxicity in fish and humans

Environment International
Luciano VittozziEmanuela Testai

Abstract

Metabolic transformation plays a major role in the mechanism of toxicity of organophosphorous (OP) pesticides. The modulation of their toxicity by oxonases and monooxygenases, alone or in combination, has been shown in mammals and fish. Very limited information exists for the identification of the metabolic factors relevant in the human toxicology of such chemicals. In this paper, we develop a simple algorithm, based on in vitro data, for the identification of fish species more susceptible to diazinon (D). Similar algorithms are likely to be applicable to other organophosphothionate (OPT) pesticides. We also report on preliminary studies on the OPT substrate specificity of human liver cytochromes P450 (CYPs): such information may be useful to understand the role of sulphoxidation in OPT toxicity to humans and to identify individuals with increased susceptibility to OPT toxicity. Studies of the mechanism of OPT toxicity may provide useful tools for a more detailed characterisation of these chemicals, with reference to the risk for the human population and to the impact on the fish species present in specific environments.

References

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Jan 16, 1999·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·L FabriziL Vittozzi

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Citations

Mar 7, 2003·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Franca M BurattiEmanuela Testai
Jul 1, 2002·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Franca M BurattiEmanuela Testai
Jun 23, 2012·International Journal of Environmental Health Research·Kayon Barrett, Foday M Jaward
Oct 29, 2013·Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS·Mohammad ShokrzadehFaezeh Ghorbani
Dec 2, 2008·Toxicology Letters·Elton ZvinavasheIvonne M C M Rietjens
Jun 19, 2008·Environmental Toxicology·Omar Arellano-Aguilar, Constantino Macías Garcia
Oct 19, 2016·Environmental Toxicology·Gökhan EraslanSerap Şahin
May 15, 2015·Journal of Immunology Research·K J G Díaz-ResendizM I Girón-Pérez
Sep 18, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Jing ZhangAnshan Shan
Dec 14, 2006·Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology·Kyoungju ChoiErnest Hodgson
May 4, 2011·Journal of Separation Science·Andreia Cristina Henriques AlvesBenilde Simões Mendes
Nov 24, 2004·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·Franca M BurattiEmanuela Testai
May 17, 2017·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Omar Arellano-AguilarClaudia Ponce de Leon-Hill

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