Mechanochromic Polymers Based on Microencapsulated Solvatochromic Dyes

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
Céline CalvinoChristoph Weder

Abstract

The development of polymers with built-in sensors that provide readily perceptible optical warning signs of mechanical events has received considerable interest. A simple and versatile concept to bestow polymers with mechanochromic behavior is the incorporation of dye-filled microcapsules. Such capsules release their cargo when their shell is damaged, and the dye is subsequently activated through a chemical or physical change that causes a chromogenic response. Here, we report the preparation of fluorescent poly(urea-formaldehyde) microcapsules containing solutions of a solvatochromic cyanostilbene dye and their integration in different polymers. When objects made from such composites are damaged, the dye solution is released from the containers, diffuses into the matrix, and the solvent evaporates. As a result, the polarity around the dye molecules changes, and this leads to a change of the fluorescence color. Alternatively, the dye is blended into the polymer matrix, microcapsules are loaded with a solvent, and the release of the latter triggers the color change. Both mechanisms afford ratiometric signals because the capsules that remain intact or dye molecules that are not exposed to the solvent can be used as a built-in ref...Continue Reading

References

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Dec 16, 2016·Nature·Jason F PatrickScott R White
Mar 16, 2017·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Anna LavrenovaChristoph Weder
Jan 19, 2018·Advanced Materials·Céline CalvinoStephen Schrettl
Jan 23, 2018·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Yoshimitsu SagaraChristoph Weder
Sep 29, 2018·Small·Céline Calvino, Christoph Weder
Jan 27, 2019·Advanced Materials·Worarin MeesornChristoph Weder

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Citations

Oct 23, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Cosimo MichelettiAndrea Pucci
Oct 28, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Yonghang XuLuyi Sun
Nov 17, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Hanna TraegerStephen Schrettl
Dec 4, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Céline Calvino
Nov 19, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Haoying WangJinping Zhou

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