Medical documentation, bioanalytical evidence of an accidental human exposure to sulfur mustard and general therapy recommendations

Toxicology Letters
D SteinritzHarald John

Abstract

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent (CWA) that was first used in World War I and in several military conflicts afterwards. The threat by SM is still present even today due to remaining stockpiles, old and abandoned remainders all over the world as well as to its ease of synthesis. CWA are banned by the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) interdicting their development, production, transport, stockpiling and use and are subjected to controlled destruction. The present case report describes an accidental exposure of three workers that occurred during the destruction of SM. All exposed workers presented a characteristic SM-related clinical picture that started about 4h after exposure with erythema and feeling of tension of the skin at the upper part of the body. Later on, superficial blister and a burning phenomenon of the affected skin areas developed. Similar symptoms occurred in all three patients differing severity. One patient presented sustained skin affections at the gluteal region while another patient came up with affections of the axilla and genital region. Fortunately, full recovery was observed on day 56 after exposure except some little pigmentation changes that were evident even on day 154 in two of the pat...Continue Reading

References

Jan 25, 2002·Pathology, Research and Practice·J OlertJ Müller-Navia
Aug 9, 2005·Toxicology·Kai Kehe, Ladislaus Szinicz
Nov 1, 1997·Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)·E H BraueL W Mitcheltree

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Citations

Apr 13, 2018·Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology·Ertugrul KilicLevent Kenar
Sep 8, 2017·Drug Testing and Analysis·Markus SiegertHarald John
Nov 24, 2018·Drug Testing and Analysis·Markus SiegertHarald John
May 11, 2019·Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists·Sermet SezigenLevent Kenar
Sep 14, 2019·Archives of Toxicology·Robin LülingDirk Steinritz
Jul 1, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Tapasi RanaAftab Ahmad
Oct 12, 2019·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz·Timo WilleHorst Thiermann
Feb 6, 2020·Toxicology Letters·Joanna A RuszkiewiczAswin Mangerich
Nov 6, 2018·Chemico-biological Interactions·Georg MenacherTanja Popp

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