Medications for the prevention and treatment of travellers' diarrhea

Journal of Travel Medicine
David N TaylorDavid R Shlim

Abstract

. Travellers' diarrhea (TD) remains one of the most common illnesses encountered by travellers to less developed areas of the world. Because bacterial pathogens such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli , Campylobacter spp. and Shigella spp. are the most frequent causes, antibiotics have been useful in both prevention and treatment of TD. Results of trials that assessed the use of medications for the prevention and treatment of TD were identified through PubMed and MEDLINE searches using search terms 'travellers' diarrhea', 'prevention' and 'treatment'. References of articles were also screened for additional relevant studies. Prevention of TD with antibiotics has been recommended only under special circumstances. Doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones and rifaximin have been used for prevention, but at present the first three antibiotics may have limited use secondary to increasing resistance, leaving rifaximin as the only current option. Bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) (Pepto-Bismol tablets) is also an option for prophylaxis. Treatment with antibiotics has been recommended for moderate to severe TD. Azithromycin is the drug of choice, especially in Asia where Campylobacter is...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 13, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Mark S RiddleChad K Porter
Jul 5, 2019·Microbiology Resource Announcements·Denish PiyaJason J Gill
Dec 28, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Eyal Leshem
Jul 31, 2019·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Lorne SchweitzerMichael Libman
Nov 21, 2018·Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines·Ajib DiptyanusaWatcharapong Piyaphanee
Nov 14, 2018·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Francesca SchiaffinoMargaret N Kosek
Nov 2, 2019·Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·Sadia ShakoorRumina Hasan
May 25, 2021·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·James M FleckensteinAlaullah Sheikh

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