Medieval descriptions and doctrines of stroke: preliminary analysis of select sources. Part I: The struggle for terms and theories - late antiquity and early Middle Ages

Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
A Karenberg, I Hort

Abstract

This first of a series of papers on the history of stroke presents an examination of a number of exemplary Greek and Latin sources, ranging from late antiquity to the dawn of the Middle Ages. We first establish a chronological order of various groups of texts and, whenever possible, ascertain the relationship of one group of writings to another. In the second century A.D., Galen had used the Hippocratic concept of humoral imbalance as a fundamental explanatory mechanism for the interpretation of clinical manifestations of apoplexy. Galen definitely rejected the Aristotelian precept of the primacy of the heart. According to his teaching, stroke resulted from the accumulation of a thick and dense humor in the ventricles of the brain blocking the passage of the animal spirit. Galen's Greek texts became axiomatic for compilers of the Byzantine period (Aetius of Amida, Alexander of Tralles, Paulus of Aegina). But his ideas contrasted starkly with the theories of the Methodical School which exerted - through the Latin writings of Caelius Aurelianus - a certain influence on authors of the Latin West (Cassius Felix, Theodorus Priscianus). References to stroke can also be found in many theological writings of the early Middle Ages.

Citations

Jul 23, 2003·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Ferdinand Peter Moog, Axel Karenberg
Mar 2, 2010·The Journal of Neuroscience Nursing : Journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses·Marci Lee Nilsen
Dec 18, 2015·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports·Eliza C Miller, Mitchell S V Elkind
Feb 17, 2017·Medicine, Health Care, and Philosophy·Karsten WittChristiane Woopen
Aug 5, 2006·Journal of the History of the Neurosciences·Henry S Schutta, Herbert M Howe
Sep 9, 2020·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Mitchell S V ElkindMarion S Buckwalter
Dec 17, 2020·Neurological Research and Practice·Axel Karenberg
Jul 23, 2021·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Patrick D Lyden

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