[Meibomian glands : part IV. Functional interactions in the pathogenesis of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
E Knop, N Knop

Abstract

Obstructive dysfunction of the meibomian glands (MGD) is surprisingly frequent in the general population and increases with age. Clinically, the focus is mainly on the consequences at the ocular surface in the sense of an evaporative dry eye syndrome. However, in addition, chronic obstruction of the meibomian glands also leads to degeneration of the secretory gland tissue which can result in a secondary hyposecretion even if the primary obstruction is later resolved by therapeutic approaches.Important influencing factors in the pathogenesis of obstructive MGDs and their interaction during the progression of the disease are systematically analyzed and displayed in a flow diagram. Age, hormonal disturbances and environmental influences, such as contact lenses, as well as qualitative alterations in the composition of the meibomian oil (meibum) lead to hyperkeratinization of the ductal epithelium and increased viscosity of the meibum which result, either alone or in combination, in obstruction of the duct and orifice. This leads to a lack of meibum on the lid margin and tear film with downstream hyperevaporative dry eye syndrome. At the same time, obstruction leads to a stasis of meibum inside the meibomian gland with increased pre...Continue Reading

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Dec 12, 2012·Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·F SchirraB Seitz
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Oct 5, 2016·Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology·Minako KaidoKazuo Tsubota
Nov 24, 2019·Scientific Reports·Jiaxin XiaoTor P Utheim
Oct 11, 2020·Experimental Eye Research·Stephen C Pflugfelder, Michael E Stern

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