Melatonin Induces Melanogenesis in Human SK-MEL-1 Melanoma Cells Involving Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 and Reactive Oxygen Species.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Juan PerdomoJosé Quintana

Abstract

Melatonin is present in all living organisms where it displays a diversity of physiological functions. Attenuation of melanogenesis by melatonin has been reported in some mammals and also in rodent melanoma cells. However, melatonin may also stimulate melanogenesis in human melanoma cells through mechanisms that have not yet been revealed. Using the human melanoma cells SK-MEL-1 as a model, an increase in both tyrosinase activity and melanin was already observed at 24 h after melatonin treatment with maximal levels of both being detected at 72 h. This effect was associated with the induction in the expression of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of melanin. In this scenario, glycogen synthase kinase-3β seems to play a significant function since melatonin decreased its phosphorylation and preincubation with specific inhibitors of this protein kinase (lithium or BIO) reduced the expression and activity of tyrosinase. Blocking of PI3K/AKT pathway stimulated melanogenesis and the effect was suppressed by the inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3β. Although melatonin is a recognized antioxidant, we found that it stimulates reactive oxygen species generation in SK-MEL-1 cells. These chemical species seem to be an important sig...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 12, 2021·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Pin WuLu Tie
Jun 3, 2021·Cancers·Cristian ScheauConstantin Caruntu
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Enkhmend Enkhtaivan, Chang Hoon Lee

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
phase
flow cytometry
glycosylation

Key Resources (RRID) Mentioned

AB_628420
AB_2211150
AB_793584
AB_784546
AB_10615502
AB_490890
AB_2115196
CVCL_0068
CVCL_1402

Software Mentioned

ImageJ

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