Melatonin protects mice against stress-induced inflammation through enhancement of M2 macrophage polarization

International Immunopharmacology
Woo-Jin Yi, Tae Sung Kim

Abstract

Stress is known to cause neuropsychiatric diseases, and it has a detrimental impact on the function of the immune system. Melatonin (MLT), a pineal gland hormone, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties and it plays a fundamental role in neuroimmunomodulation. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of MLT in stress-induced inflammation, focusing on macrophage polarization. MLT (50 and 100mg/kg) or a vehicle control (5% ethanol in saline) was intraperitoneally administered to mice once a day for 5days. After the last treatment, mice were subjected to restraint stress (RS) for 2h. MLT markedly decreased serum levels of corticosterone after RS. RS significantly increased serum interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels, and it decreased serum IL-10 levels. MLT administration attenuated these changes. After RS, MLT markedly decreased lipid peroxidation and increased hepatic glutathione content. In purified Kupffer cells (KCs) and peritoneal macrophages from mice exposed to RS, the expression levels of M1 marker genes (NOS2a and CD40) increased, while the expression levels of an M2 marker gene (Arg1) decreased. MLT attenuated this increase in expression of M1 marker genes and decrease in the expression levels o...Continue Reading

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